Turgunova, Laziza Anvarovna, and Lyutsiya Rafailovna Shamsutdinova. “The Effectiveness of Open-Ended Versus Closed-Ended Questioning on Student Participation in Middle School EFL Classes: Conceptual Foundations and Methodology”. The Lingua Spectrum, vol. 5, no. 1, June 2026, pp. 676-85, doi:10.5281/zenodo.20998153.