Introduction

Proper nouns are a linguistic phenomenon that occupies a special place in the language system. The granting of the Uzbek language the status of the state language has also ensured the elevation of Uzbek onomastics, in particular, the field of toponymy and anthroponymy, to a new level of quality. The importance of proper nouns is growing. Raising Uzbek onomastics to a higher level and its further development remains one of the most pressing issues of today’s linguistics. Therefore, teaching “Onomastics” as a separate discipline in higher education institutions is of great importance in educating the younger generation with sufficient knowledge, skills, and experience in the field of famous names.

Because understanding the famous names, such as toponyms, anthroponyms, hydronyms, oronyms, necronyms, and agronyms, associated with the history of the Uzbek people, is of great importance in a person’s spiritual life, in raising their cultural level, and in improving their scientific and artistic thinking. Today’s progress requires the training of competent personnel, the acquisition of highly qualified specialists armed with new knowledge in technological terms. The training of the necessary specialists in onomastic units – noble names – is not only an educational and educational task in the field of philology, but also one of the most important aspects of ideological, political and educational work.

Methodology

Agriculture is one of the oldest industries. For this reason, geographical names often contain place names (agronyms) related to agriculture. This can be clearly seen in the toponymy of Uzbekistan. It is clear that the areas adjacent to the sea, river, lake, spring, and other underground and surface water sources have always been the boundaries of people’s agricultural activities.

Agronyms are land names, i.e. a specific region, village, City, agricultural area, and their names. They have a great influence not only on the determination of geographical location, but also on the development of culture, history and language. From a linguistic point of view, agronyms increase the richness of language, Express the identity of local language and culture, and are an important resource in the study of naming processes in language.

Agronyms are divided into the following types:

• Geographical agronyms: city, village, River, Mountain names.
• Ecological agronyms: forest, pasture, irrigated land.

• Agronyms for education and culture: local farming and agricultural methods, district or provincial names.

Each species has its own linguistic and cultural characteristics, and they have their own place in linguistics.

Linguistic significance of agronyms:

1. Source of historical and cultural data. Agronyms reflect the historical development of Regions and territories, the way of life of the local people, their culture. For example, the name ”Kashkadarya” represents the habitat of the kashkadarya, and through this name information can be obtained about the historical and cultural heritage of the people.
2. Language development and naming processes. Agronyms indicate the specificity of the naming process in the language. They reflect the phonetic, morphological and lexical characteristics of the local language. For example, village names usually incorporate local dialect and language features.
3. Preservation of local language and culture. Agronyms play an important role in maintaining the identity of local culture and language. They retain local words and their meanings in the language, helping to strengthen the connection between language and culture.
4. Learning and research in linguistics. Agronyms are widely used in linguistics in the fields of etymology, phonetics, morphology, and semantics. With them, it is possible to determine the relationship between language and culture, as well as the stages of the development of the language.

There are special words and terms in the names of villages and neighborhoods that prove the ancient farming culture. In the composition of geographical names associated with the agricultural culture, words such as dаlа, mаydоn, bоg‘, dаsht, qо‘riq, bо‘z, mаrzа, аriq, quduq and etc. actively participate as toponymic terms. For example: toponyms such as Bоg‘zоr, Bоg‘bоn, Bоg‘istоn, Bоg‘оbоd, Bоg‘оt arose in connection with the people’s gardening culture.

There are such types of place names that crops are grown in them – farming is practiced. They include fields, barns, hayfields, and fallow lands. Such microtoponyms are considered agronyms in onomastics. “Agronym” is derived from the Greek words “ἀγορά” – “field” and “ὄνομα” – “name, term” and was used to express the names of open spaces and alleys in the city.

One of the important characteristics of agronyms is their mutability. Therefore, they can change or be changed more easily than other toponyms.

Like other types of toponyms, they are also territorial and are used in the speech of people who live in a particular area. Due to the relatively short period of “life” of agronyms, it is not difficult to determine their semantic content (Karimov & Buriyev, 2006).

Agronyms have always played an important role in the revival of the historical and linguistic image of cities. For example: Beshyog‘och Square in Tashkent was called Beruniy Square in the 1970s, Komsomol Square in the 1980s, and since 1991, Beshyog‘och Square itself. The same can be said about Chorsu Square, Khadra Square, and Registan Square.

The “Explanatory Dictionary of the Uzbek Language” explains 5 meanings of the word “maiden”, but the meaning of a specially constructed open space, organized for specific purposes in cities, for the city’s residents to trade and have fun, is left out. The modern intensity and scale of urbanization processes, the current worldview and lifestyle of the Uzbek people are reflected in agronyms such as Mustаqillik mаydоni, Аmir Temur xiyоbоni, Аdiblаr xiyоbоni, Shаhidlаr xiyоbоni, Xоtirа xiyоbоni (Karimova, 1992).

The study of the naming process of agronyms in toponymy was carried out in the following groups:

• agronyms in which the word steppe is the basis for the naming of the agronymic topographic object: Dashti bo‘z, Siyоhbо‘z steppe, Qо‘riq steppe, Dashti Rabot, Dashti Rog‘, Dashti Ayloq, Dashti Chinor and others;

The word “dasht” expresses the meanings of a wide, open area, field, desert. In the examples given from these toponyms, it is also used in these meanings. The sources note that in the territories of countries such as Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Armenia, and Tajikistan, there are also agronyms formed with the word “dasht” (Karayev, 1989).

• place names based on the word “bog‘” for the naming of a toponymic object with agronymic characteristics: Bоg‘ishаmоl, Bоg‘izаxirа, Sаrkаri bоg‘,
• micro–agronyms based on the word “bo‘z” for the naming of a toponymic object with agronymic characteristics: О‘rtаbо‘z, Siyоhbо‘z, etc.

The most important feature of the names of cultivated areas is their variability. Therefore, they are also included in the group of micro-toponyms. After a certain time, various changes occur in them.

The study and scientific research of geographical names reflecting various landscape components allows us to draw conclusions about the nature of a particular area in the past, the changes and transformations of landscape components. In short, in each region, toponyms and geographical terms associated with the past natural conditions of the place were formed on the basis of their own laws. The scientific study of these territorial laws is one of the most pressing issues of today.

We consider it is necessary to consider T. Enazarov’s doctoral dissertation, as one of the only fundamental scientific works on the etymological analysis of toponyms in the Uzbek language and the essence of their specific features, as well as the processes related to etymological analysis. In these matters, it is appropriate to take into account the following circumstances: (Enazarov, 2006)

1. Giving names to existing toponymic objects in order to distinguish them from each other is an objective and vital need. Otherwise, a person will wander around, unable to find the addresses that belong to him. For this reason, it is natural for villages, streams, rivers, and hill tribes to be named in the same way that cities, districts, streets, and neighborhoods in our country are named.
2. An onomastic coincidence is the selection of one of the lexical bases that has passed from the appellative lexicon to the onomastic lexicon level to name toponymic objects.

Speaking of agronyms, we cannot help but dwell on the definitions and explanations given to them.

Land areas, plots, arable land, fields and hills also have their own proper names, and in onomastics they are called agronyms (Greek, agros – field, plowed land, arable land). N. Okhunov and J. Latipov are especially recognized as scientists who studied agronyms in Uzbekistan. In Central Asia, we can find tens of thousands of names associated with agronyms.

It is no secret that we are studying agronyms, and through many studies we have learned that they are part of toponyms. Toponyms are an integral part of the vocabulary of each national language, and although their existence and use are within the framework of the general laws and rules of that language, they also have their own linguistic characteristics. We can observe them in the phonetic, lexical–semantic and grammatical features of the language. The origin of place names can be based on the appearance of this geographical object, its location, natural conditions, soil fertility, fauna and flora, the profession of the local people, their economy, or their relationship to a particular event or event, the name of a particular person or tribe, clan, and many other reasons and characteristics. Although there are several reasons for naming a place, the most characteristic of them is chosen.

Conclusion

Agronyms – not only geographical names, but also an integral part of the development of culture, history and language. They are an important resource in linguistics in the study of local culture and language characteristics. Also, with the help of agroonomists, it is possible to determine the historical development of Indigenous Peoples, their culture and a lot of information regarding their language. These names increase the wealth in the language and are important in preserving the local language and culture.