Analysis of discourse markers and their stylistic function in informal spoken English

Abstract

This article explores the use of discourse markers and their stylistic function in everyday English. Based on previous research in discourse analysis and pragmatics, discourse markers are considered as elements that organize speech and guide interpretation rather than add new factual meaning. It helps speakers make their ideas smoothly and assist listeners in understanding how different parts of discourse are connected. This article reviews theoretical perspectives proposed by Schiffrin, Fraser, Brinton, and Jucker and Ziv who describe discourse markers as vital elements in spoken communication. Using selected examples from informal spoken conversations, the study identifies common discourse markers, such as ‘well’, ‘like’, ‘you know’, ‘I mean’, ‘so’, and ‘but’, and analyzes their stylistic roles in interaction. The findings show that discourse markers are important in creating informality, managing interaction, expressing speaker attitude, and organizing conversation. They also help keep the natural flow of speech and support effective communication between speakers. Therefore, discourse markers are not random fillers, but functional elements that improve coherence and interpersonal communication in everyday spoken English.