Nowadays, the problem of the vocabulary of a particular language, as well as the relevance of its linguocultural aspect, is associated with the significant development of modern world philology, which has made it possible to study this language in its entirety. The lexical composition of almost all languages ​​​​of the world raises another problem, namely, a problem arising from the previous one. Among these problems, it is necessary to study the linguistic manifestations of color and conduct a detailed linguistic analysis, paying special attention to their conceptual properties and linguocultural component. Despite the fact that today the topic of color designation and linguistic representation of color is very widely studied in the world of philology, the study of the problem of linguistic representation of color is still in its infancy. Yu.N. Karaulov, B. Berlin, P. Kay, N.L. Tomashevska, A.L. Schmidt, V.A. Alpatova, A.A. The scientific works of such scientists as Kryvtsova, L.A. Kormushina, Pedro Ramos Toro, Z.Sh. Tanirberganova, A.M. Bazarbayeva serve as the basis for the scientific article.

Before considering this problem, we need to determine the concepts of color, the linguistic representation of color, its features as a linguistic phenomenon and the principles of its operation.

Color plays an important role in the perception of the world around us, and in addition to our visual abilities, it also reflects our cultural, social and personal characteristics. The expression of colors through language and the cultural representations associated with them show significant differences in different languages ​​and cultures. In particular, the comparison of colors in the material of the Spanish and Uzbek languages ​​​​is interesting in terms of linguistics and cultural studies, allowing us to study the specific features of these two languages.

Color in the context of the linguistic representation of color is of particular importance, as a category in the vocabulary of a particular language. In this regard, I.A. Merkulova emphasizes the dictionary as “a structure that forms a whole language” (Merkulova, 2014; 99). T.V. Bulygina and A.D. Shmelev note that “a linguistic picture of the world of this or that people is born and then formed” (Bulygina & Shmelev, 2012; 576).

In addition, the picture of the world, in turn, is formed on the linguistic basis of a particular people, determines the creation of its culture or has a significant impact on it. It is noteworthy that in this context, color is also considered as a phenomenon of a linguistic nature, and the reflexive nature of this phenomenon in the culture of any people cannot be overestimated. It should be noted that culture is an integral part of human life, regulates human life, and performs the same function that genetically programmed behavior performs in the life of animals (Suchkova, 2017, p.184).

Within the linguistic interpretation of color, its linguistic representation is of great importance, both in terms of the symbolic function of color signs and their correct recognition by speakers of these languages. Color signs and color symbol systems in different languages ​​and cultures show the influence of the nature of color classification in the native language. Analysis of color signs is necessary to determine the role of color in the construction of human visual space and the accuracy of language work, taking into account the cultural and historical traditions of different mentalities (Yagodkina, 2011; 251).

The role of colors in language and culture - colors are not only objects of visual perception, but also culturally, semantically and psychologically loaded elements. Through colors, the specific features and historical experiences of cultures are transformed into language (Tomashevskaya, 2001; 56).

Colors through language reflect not only external physical conditions, but also the worldview and cultural values ​​​​of the people. The expression of colors in language is closely related to many cultural, historical and psychological factors. Language plays an important role in the perception of colors, not only as a means of communication, but also as a key factor in the perception of the environment.

Spanish is one of the largest languages ​​in the world, and is distinguished not only by its geographical spread, but also by its rich and diverse lexical and semantic structures. The terms denoting colors in Spanish contain not only visual images, but also deep cultural, historical and social meanings. The terms for colors in Spanish, such as “rojo” (red), “azul” (blue), “verde” (green), are often associated with social, religious, political and emotional contexts in addition to their images. There are many figurative and metaphorical uses of colors in Spanish, which reflect the subtleties of interculturality. For example, the color “rojo” (red) is often associated with power, rebellion, passion, and even danger, while “blanco” (white) is associated with purity, peace, cleanliness, and new beginnings. Colors are actively used to represent not only the physical world, but also emotional and mental states.

The Uzbek language belongs to the Turkic language group, and the terms denoting colors have very rich and diverse meanings. The Uzbek language is more based on the natural world and its specific characteristics in describing colors. Colors in the Uzbek language are often used in positive meanings and are closely related to national values, culture, and history. For example, the color “white” is widely used in Uzbek culture to mean purity, goodness, justice, and blessing. The color “green” is associated with nature, prosperity, and peace, and is also an important color for various cultural ceremonies and celebrations. The color “red” is also often used in the Uzbek language as a symbol of love, kindness, and happiness.

Color expressions in the Uzbek language, especially reflecting the common characteristics of Turkic languages, form a unique social and ethnic identity. In the Uzbek language, colors reflect more internal, mental and spiritual states, and their use is significantly influenced by traditional values ​​and national views. For example, in accordance with the lifestyle of the Uzbek people, colors are often used to emphasize the peaceful and stable aspects of life.

The terms denoting colors in the Spanish and Uzbek languages ​​​​are distinguished by their richness, diversity and cultural meanings. Colors in the Spanish language play an important role in expressing not only imagination, but also social and political contexts, as well as international culture. Colors in the Uzbek language, on the other hand, are more associated with national traditions and values, reflecting the deep connection between language and culture. In both languages, the cultural meanings and representations of colors are formed as a result of the historical experiences, lifestyle and worldview of each people, which ensures a richer and more complex expression of colors in the language.

Colors and the terms they represent are important tools in studying the subtle connections between language and culture. Color expressions in Spanish and Uzbek are of great importance not only from their linguistic but also from the perspective of cultural studies.

The analysis of the expression of colors and their associated meanings in Spanish and Uzbek is as follows:

1. Rojo (red) - in Spanish culture, red is associated with passion, love, aggression and danger. It often represents strong emotions, for example, in Spanish traditions associated with wolves, red stands out. In Uzbek culture, red is associated with happiness, prosperity and celebrations. This color is often used in weddings, national holidays and ceremonies, which indicates its perception as a positive and joyful symbol.
2. Verde (green) - in Spanish culture, green is associated with nature, newness and life. However, in expressions such as “envidia verde” (green envy), green also has negative meanings. In Uzbek culture, green is associated with nature, growth and life. Green is prominent in national holidays and ancient rituals such as Navruz, and it represents prosperity and growth.
3. Azul (blue) - blue is associated with peace, the sky and the sea in Spanish culture. In Spanish, there are expressions such as “azul marino” (blue sea), which evoke the idea of ​​infinity. In Uzbek culture, blue is associated with the sky and openness, as well as spiritual and moral purity. The clean and bright image of this color is used to express politeness among people.
4. Negro (black) - black is associated with death and grief in Spanish culture, but at the same time it also has its place in fashion and elegance. In Uzbek culture, black is also used as a symbol of grief and death, but at the same time it is valued as a symbol of strength, stability and tradition.

In Spanish culture, colors are often associated with historical and religious symbols, holidays, and traditions, and their meanings have deep roots.

The linguistic representation of colors in Spanish and Uzbek shows both similarities and differences. For example, while red is more associated with passion and danger in Spanish culture, in Uzbek culture it is interpreted as a symbol of happiness and prosperity. Green has a negative meaning (“envidia verde”) in Spanish, while in Uzbek culture it represents only positive ones, that is, growth and stability.

Blue is associated with the sky and peace in both cultures, but in Uzbek culture it reflects more spiritual purity and spiritual qualities.

Although the meanings of black are similar, in Uzbek culture this color is also associated with strength and stability, while in Spanish culture it mainly represents sadness and death.

In conclusion, the linguistic representation of colors plays an important role in revealing cultural differences in Spanish and Uzbek. In Spanish, different linguistic and cultural characteristics of colors are evident. For example, in Spanish, colors have more emotional and connotative meanings, and many of their metaphorical, idiomatic, and phraseological forms are deeply rooted in the culture. Colors, such as “rojo” (red) and “blanco” (white), often reflect different emotions, responsibilities, and social values ​​in society. In Spanish, colors are not only associated with the external world, but are also closely linked to personal, emotional states, and social and political contexts.

In contrast, in Uzbek, colors tend to express more positive meanings. In Uzbek, colors such as “white” convey positive images of purity, cleanliness, goodness, and blessing. Colors are also more closely related to cultural values ​​and traditions, expressing national worldviews and aesthetic values. For example, the color “green” in the Uzbek language means nature, prosperity and peace, which in Uzbek culture reflects more sincerity and a positive spirit. In both cultures, colors reflect not only the physical world, but also spiritual and moral values.

The expressions of colors in Spanish and Uzbek offer many new ideas about their place in the international cultural environment and intercultural relations. For example, colors are directly related to people's psychological states and cultural values, and in each of their cultures, one can see different perceptions and effects of colors. This comparison helps to better understand each other's cultures, because in each culture, the different properties and meanings of colors are formed depending on the social, historical and religious contexts. This comparison provides many new insights into the influence of color on culture and its place in the international cultural environment.